This article explores the multifaceted landscape of Community Courts within the United States criminal justice system. Commencing with an elucidation of Community Courts, the discussion navigates through their historical genesis, emphasizing their purpose and goals in fostering community-centered justice and addressing low-level offenses. The article meticulously dissects the components of Community Courts, examining case selection
This article explores the multifaceted landscape of community supervision strategies within the United States criminal justice system. Beginning with an elucidation of community supervision’s integral role in rehabilitation and reintegration, the narrative delves into distinct types such as probation, parole, and intermediate sanctions. It meticulously examines the implementation challenges faced by probation and parole officers
This article delves into the role of community service and alternative sentences within the United States criminal justice process. Beginning with an overview of the historical evolution of community service as an alternative sentencing option, the narrative explores early forms, societal shifts, landmark cases, and legislative initiatives shaping its development. The implementation and administration section
Sexual assault is a serious social problem of great concern. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services estimates that approximately 100,000 cases of child sexual abuse are substantiated each year. In addition, according to the 2005 National Crime Victimization survey, there were nearly 192,000 victims of rape, attempted rape, or sexual assault. In an
There is a long history of community intervention in the field of public health. Mitler’s review of contemporary approaches to community health promotion traces them to the late 1800s. The goals of community interventions are diverse, ranging from decreasing morbidity or mortality, to increasing the practice of a healthy behavior or healthy organizational practices, to
Over the past 15 years, the number of people under correctional supervision in the United States has more than doubled. Most of this growth is attributable to the rapidly expanding probation population, which recently reached an all-time high of more than 4 million offenders. In fact, the vast majority of all offenders under correctional supervision
Treating people with a mental disorder without their consent always has been the defining human rights issue in mental health law. For centuries, unwanted treatment took place in a closed institution—a mental hospital. What has changed is that in recent years the locus of involuntary treatment has shifted from the closed institution to the open
The term migrant community media, also known as ethnic or diasporic media, refers to the print, broadcast, and Internet-based operations of ethnic minorities. They have emerged in recent decades as a significant category of global media. Previously, such media operated by minority groups in various countries were treated as being of minor academic interest. For
Although American community colleges (formerly known as junior colleges) have existed since the late nineteenth century, little sociological attention has been paid to these institutions until recently. The conceptual frameworks that do exist highlight the juxtaposition of the community college’s function of expanding access to higher education while also limiting opportunity for many students. In
Community video is one form of community media. It is best defined by its objective, which is to stimulate participation in public affairs. The defining phrase might be “with the people, not just about them.” John Grierson, in the late 1920s in the UK, began writing about its possibilities. His persuasive pen and leadership attracted