The immune system is a defense system that protects invertebrate and vertebrate animals from microorganisms and substances recognized as foreign and potentially harmful. It evolved through a gradual process of increasing diversification that led to the enormous complexity of recognition and elimination mechanisms present in higher vertebrates. These recognition and elimination mechanisms operate and cooperate
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is an advanced stage of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). AIDS was first identified in 1981 in the United States and was subsequently identified around the world. HIV disease begins by causing the failure of the immune system, the development of any of a set of opportunistic infections
This article delves into the intricate relationship between stress and immune function within the realm of health psychology. The introduction elucidates the foundational concepts, defining stress and presenting an overview of immune function, emphasizing the critical need to understand their interplay for holistic health comprehension. The physiological mechanisms section examines the intricate connection, spotlighting stress-induced
This article explores the intricate relationship between stress and immune function in the context of organ transplantation, elucidating the physiological basis of stress and its manifold impact on transplant recipients. Through an extensive review of existing literature, the text delves into the stressors uniquely faced by transplant patients and delineates the nuanced challenges posed to
This article delves into the relationship between sleep and the immune system within the framework of health psychology. The introduction elucidates the significance of understanding this interaction for overall health and defines the broader context of health psychology. The body of the article comprises three key sections. Firstly, an overview outlines the functions of both