Moines

A pivotal court case, Tinker v. Des Moines School District, 393 U.S. 503 (1969), helped establish the First Amendment rights of public school students. In December 1965, 15-year-old John Tinker; his sister, 13-year-old Mary Beth Tinker; and a friend, 16-year-old Christopher Eckhardt, wore black armbands with peace symbols on them to school. Their attire was