Introduction Health psychologists are concerned with the effects that psychological states and processes have on health and disease. Credible scientific enquiry into these connections began with Dunbar and Alexander, both of whom proposed that specific psychological factors caused or predisposed individuals to specific diseases, giving rise to the theory of specificity. Engel subsequently described the
The field of Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) explores the intricate interplay between psychological factors, the nervous system, and the immune system, offering valuable insights into the understanding of cancer development and progression. This article investigates the impact of stress, coping mechanisms, and emotional states on cancer, unraveling the intricate web of bidirectional communication between the neuroendocrine and
This article explores the intricate relationship between psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) and chronic illness within the framework of health psychology. The introduction delineates PNI’s interdisciplinary nature and underscores its significance in understanding chronic illnesses. The first section examines the impact of psychological factors on chronic illness, delving into the stress response, emotional well-being, and personality traits. The