Reinforcement and punishment are common verbal and nonverbal responses to successes and failures in sport, exercise, and rehabilitation contexts. These practices may be best understood in the context of operant conditioning. This entry defines reinforcement and punishment, reviews evidence of their frequency in sport, identifies their motivational implications, and reviews mechanisms for those effects. Response
Corporal punishment is the intentional infliction of physical pain with the goal of changing problem behavior. In 1974, the American Psychological Association (APA) passed a formal resolution to ban the practice in schools. The National Coalition to Abolish Corporal Punishment in Schools, which includes the National Center on Child Abuse Prevention, the American Academy of
Corporal punishment, historically used as a disciplinary method in educational settings, remains a subject of profound psychological and ethical concern. This article examines the cognitive and emotional consequences of corporal punishment, shedding light on its impact on cognitive development, emotional well-being, and the propagation of aggressive behavior. Furthermore, it explores evidence-based alternatives in school psychology
Altruistic Punishment Definition An act is altruistic if it is costly for the acting individual and beneficial for someone else. Thus, punishment is altruistic if it is costly for the punisher and if the punished person’s behavior changes such that others benefit. This definition does not require an altruistic motivation. Think of queuing as an
Corporal punishment refers to intentional application of physical pain as a method of changing behavior. Youth in the United States experience various forms of corporal punishment in two primary places: their homes and their schools. When corporal punishment occurs in the home, it can be thought of as a form of family violence. The most
Reinforcement and punishment are common verbal and nonverbal responses to successes and failures in sport, exercise, and rehabilitation contexts. These practices may be best understood in the context of operant conditioning. This entry defines reinforcement and punishment, reviews evidence of their frequency in sport, identifies their motivational implications, and reviews mechanisms for those effects. Response