Since the end of the Cold War’s bipolar confrontation in 1991, the security arena has significantly changed from a once well-bounded field, consisting of hierarchically organized state bureaucracies, to a rhizomatic, growing assemblage that merges various kinds of public and private security agencies and activities and is driven by the desire to bring systems together
In the popular imagination, surveillance involves public police agents working undercover against foreign enemies, organized crime networks, corporate fraudsters, drug dealers, and ordinary crooks in hot spots of thieving. The police do undertake such work, although it has a minor role in their repertoire of investigative methods (Marx 1988; Ericson 1993; Sharpe 2002). Surveillance of this
Historically, school crimes generated very little interest among policymakers until the late 1980s and early 1990s, when a rash of school shootings and the ushering in of crack cocaine afflicted schools across the United States. In fact, during the past decade, more than 300 school-associated violent deaths occurred on or near school campuses in America.
On May 6, 2008, in the largest drug operation on a college campus in U.S. history, the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) announced that after a six-month-long undercover investigation on the campus of San Diego State University (SDSU)–one of the largest schools in California’s state university system, with approximately 34,000 students–96 people had been arrested, including
This article delves into the multifaceted role of surveillance technology within the criminal justice process in the United States. Beginning with a historical perspective, it traces the evolution of surveillance technology and its integration into law enforcement, exploring pivotal cases and events that shaped its trajectory. The article subsequently categorizes and scrutinizes various types of