In logic, validity is an attribute of the form of an argument that cannot lead from true premises to false conclusions. For example, “all A are B; some A are C; therefore some B are C” is a valid form. A common way to evaluate the validity of arguments is by treating it as a
Incremental validity is a predictor’s ability to explain an outcome, beyond all other predictors. For example, assume predictor A accounts for 25% of the variance in an outcome of interest and, when entered separately, predictor B also accounts for 25% of the variance. Because their influences most certainly overlap, it is also important to understand
Validity Definition Validity refers to the correctness of the inferences that one makes based on the results of some kind of measurement. That is, when we measure something, we need to ask whether the measurements we have taken accurately and completely reflect what we intended to measure. For example, inferences about individual differences in people’s
The validity indicator profile (VIP) is a measure of response validity that is intended to be administered concurrently within a battery of cognitive tests in a forensic assessment. The VIP has two subtests (verbal and nonverbal), containing 178 items in all. Curve analysis of test responses classifies performance as valid or invalid. Invalid performances are
A strength of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) is its multiple indicators regarding an examinee’s approach to the test. Ideally, examinees answer all questions, respond consistently, and do not distort test findings by overreporting or underreporting experienced psychopathology. However, some individuals may approach the test in a manner that deviates from this optimal scenario
Statement Validity Assessment (SVA) is a tool designed to determine the credibility of child witnesses’ testimonies in trials for sexual offenses. SVA assessments are accepted as evidence in some North American courts and in criminal courts in several West European countries. The tool originated in Sweden and Germany and consists of four stages. Much of
Ecological Validity Definition Ecological validity is the extent to which research findings would generalize to settings typical of everyday life. As such, ecological validity is a particular form of external validity. Whereas external validity refers to the overall extent to which findings generalize across people, places, and time, ecological validity refers more specifically to the