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Person-environment (PE) fit refers to the degree of match between individuals and some aspect of their work environment. The concept...

Person-organization (PO) fit is defined as the compatibility between people and organizations, which occurs when at least one entity provides...

The idea that sparked person-vocation (PV) fit came from Frank Parsons, one of the earliest figures in vocational psychology, who...

Selection is a personnel decision whereby an organization decides whether to hire individuals using each person’s score on a single...

Given that most organizations have many more job applicants than they have job openings, employers must be able to quickly...

The primary method of realistic recruitment is the realistic job preview (RJP). The RJP is the presentation of realistic, often...

Recruitment sources are one of the most frequently studied aspects of employee recruitment. Recruitment sources are the avenues that organizations...

Retirement is a general term that has traditionally referred to older adults’ disengagement from the workforce. As an area of...

Succession planning, the process by which an organization makes sure that it will have the right leaders in the right...

Underemployment Definition Underemployment refers to employment that is inadequate, inferior, or low quality, relative to some standard. All researchers agree...

Abusive supervision refers to sustained displays of nonphysical forms of hostility perpetrated by supervisors against their direct reports. Examples of...

The behavioral approach to leadership involves attempts to measure the categories of behavior that are characteristic of effective leaders. Two...

Charismatic leadership is a relatively new and distinct paradigm. Since the 1970s, researchers have conducted studies on charismatic leadership in...

Grievance systems are formal organizational procedures designed to address employee complaints. These employee complaints, hereafter referred to as grievances, can...

What is leadership? Is it leaders’ behavior or our image of it? For example, if you are a female manager,...

During the early 1970s, the generally accepted practice for studying leadership was to use an average leadership style—that is, asking...

The situational leadership (SL) theory, developed by Paul Hersey and Ken Blanchard, is one of the most widely known frameworks...

Psychologists who have advanced normative theories of management have typically advocated highly participative processes for making decisions. The principal basis...

The operant conditioning or reinforcement theory of B. F. Skinner is one of the major psychological theories concerned with motivation...

The situational approach to leadership asserts that there is no one best way to lead others and emphasizes that a...

The path-goal theory of leadership is a situational theory of leadership and is closely aligned with expectancy theory. The theory...

The trait approach to leadership was one of the earliest theories of leadership. Although it is not a fully articulated...

Transformational leadership is a form of influence based on a developmental relationship that elevates others to higher levels of moral...

Trust is commonly described as a leap of faith one takes in the face of incomplete information. More specifically, trust...

Coping  refers  to  conscious  and  effortful  cognitions  and  behaviors  used  by  the  athlete  to  manage the perceived demands of a...

To  call  oneself  a  psychologist  (at  least  in  the United States and Canada), or use the terms psychologist, psychological, or...

Whether  out  of  envy  or  admiration,  people  have long  been  fascinated  by  the  extraordinary  skills of  champion  athletes  such  as ...

Sport  and  exercise  psychology  has  traditionally been  understood  to  consist  of  a  set  of  skills  and theoretical  underpinnings  distanced  from ...

Over  the  course  of  the  past  10  years,  there  has been considerable discussion devoted to multicultural  competence  within  the  counseling ...

Decision  making  (DM)  is  the  cognitive  operation of selecting a response from a range of available  responses  in  circumstances  where ...

A critical component of coaching is decision making,  which  is  the  process  of  selecting  an  alternative from among many choices...

In  the  context  of  sport,  developmental  histories provide  information  on  an  athlete’s  career  with respect  to  practice  activities  related  to ...

The  World  Health  Organization  defines  obesity and  overweight  as  the  excessive  accumulation of  body  fat  and  warns  that  both  conditions ...

What is disability? There are many ways to answer this  question.  But  how  sport  and  exercise  psychologists  define  disability  has ...

Appropriate  physical  activity  engagement  promotes a host of psychosocial benefits. These benefits  are  especially  valuable  for  individuals  with disabilities  because ...

Optimal  athletic  development  and  sport  success is  almost  always  the  product  of  multiple  factors. Genetics, opportunity, effort, and consistent training...

The concept of diversity encompasses a broad range of qualities and characteristics that distinguish people from one another. Diversity is...

The  term  drop-out  has  two  meanings.  In  elite sport, drop-out refers to a premature termination of  a  sport  career  before ...

Drugs are used for performance enhancement purposes  in  elite,  competitive,  and  amateur  sports. Unlike  heroin,  barbiturates,  hallucinogens,  and substances used...

It  has  been  known  for  a  long  time  that  there  are significant  limitations  in  the  human  capability  to attend to...