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Creativity

Creativity

Creativity Definition Creativity can be defined three major ways. First, creativity can be viewed as a concrete product that satisfies...
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Biofeedback Chronic

Biofeedback in Chronic Pain Management

This article explores the pivotal role of biofeedback in the realm of chronic pain management within the domain of health...
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Counseling Culture

Culture and Counseling

Culture consists of implicit and explicit patterns of behavior acquired and transmitted by symbols and their embodiments in artifacts. The...
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Attribution Defensive

Defensive Attribution

Defensive Attribution Definition Defensive attributions are explanations of behaviors that serve to defend an individual’s preferred beliefs about self, others,...
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Biofeedback Using

Using Biofeedback for Headache Relief

This article delves into the application of biofeedback as a therapeutic intervention for headache relief within the framework of health...
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Culture

Culture

Culture Definition Culture can be generally defined as an interrelated set of values, tools, and practices that is shared among...
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Depressive Realism

Depressive Realism

Depressive Realism Definition Depressive realism refers to the findings that depressed individuals tend to be more accurate or realistic than...
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Biofeedback Techniques

Biofeedback Techniques in Hypertension

This article explores the integration of biofeedback techniques in the management of hypertension within the realm of health psychology. The...
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Culture Shock

Culture Shock

Culture shock is a complex set of symptoms associated with the experience of migration to or contact with a new...
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Diagnosticity

Diagnosticity

Diagnosticity Definition Diagnosticity refers to the extent to which a source of data can discriminate between a particular hypothesis and...
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Biofeedback Improving

Biofeedback for Improving Mental Health

This article explores the therapeutic potential of biofeedback in enhancing mental health. Beginning with a concise definition and elucidation of...
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Demographics

Demographics in the US

Considerable changes in the population characteristics of the United States, both in numerical and in percentage terms, reflect an unprecedented...
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Dilution Effect

Dilution Effect

Dilution Effect Definition The dilution effect is a judgment bias in which people underutilize diagnostic information when nondiagnostic information is...
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Biofeedback Sports

Biofeedback in Sports Psychology

This article delves into the pivotal role of biofeedback in the realm of sports psychology, offering a nuanced exploration of...
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Discrimination

Discrimination

Discrimination Definition Discrimination is the phenomenon of treating a person differently from other persons based on group membership and an...
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Attribution Discounting

Discounting in Attribution

Discounting in Attribution Definition Attribution is the way in which people explain the causes of events or behaviors. At times,...
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Biofeedback Neuroplasticity

Biofeedback and Neuroplasticity

This article explores the intricate relationship between biofeedback and neuroplasticity within the realm of health psychology. The introduction defines both...
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Discrimination

Discrimination

To discriminate is to make distinctions or to acknowledge that differences exist. Therefore, discrimination is an act or practice of...
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Attribution Distinctiveness

Distinctiveness in Attribution

Distinctiveness, in attribution, refers to the extent to which a specific action engaged in by an individual is unusual or...
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Biofeedback Efficacy

Efficacy of Biofeedback in Anxiety Disorders

This article explores the efficacy of biofeedback in the treatment of anxiety disorders within the context of health psychology. The...
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Diversity

Diversity

As a response to the shifting population demographics in the United States, issues related to diversity have received increased attention...
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Downward Social

Downward Social Comparison

Downward Social Comparison Definition Social comparison involves thinking about one or more other people in relation to the self. Downward...
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Enculturation

Enculturation

Given the ongoing dramatic racial/ethnic diversification of the United States, the need for counselors to understand the unique cultural backgrounds...
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Encoding

Encoding

Encoding Definition Encoding is the process by which we translate information collected from the outside world by our sensory organs...
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Cleansing Ethnic

Ethnic Cleansing

Ethnic cleansing refers to the implementation of a well-defined policy that aims to establish an ethnically homogenous group in a...
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Excuse

Excuse

Excuse Definition An excuse involves circumstances in which people perceive that they have made mistakes and, in response to these...
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Ethnic Minority

Ethnic Minority

The term ethnic minority is used to describe an individual who belongs to an ethnic group that is marginalized by...
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Effect Expectancy

Expectancy Effect

Expectancy Effect Definition An expectancy effect occurs when an incorrect belief held by one person, the perceiver, about another person,...
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Ethnic Pride

Ethnic Pride

Ethnic pride is a positive feeling of being a member of one or more ethnic groups. As a component of...
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Expectations

Expectations

Expectations Definition Expectations are personal beliefs about occurrences that may take place in the future. Expectations develop from a combination...
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Ethnicity

Ethnicity

Ethnicity refers to a social group category defined by the shared historical, national, social, political, and cultural heritage of a...
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Eyewitness Testimony

Eyewitness Testimony Accuracy

Every year in North America at least 75,000 people are identified from police lineups and subsequently prosecuted. There are hundreds...
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Ethnocentrism

Ethnocentrism

The revolutionary climate of the 1960s within U.S. society challenged the existing boundaries of civil rights to include racial/ethnic minorities....
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Consciousness False

False Consciousness

False Consciousness Definition False consciousness is defined as the holding of false or inaccurate beliefs that are contrary to one’s...
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Eugenics

Eugenics

Eugenics is the attempt to deliberately improve the hereditary, genetic traits of a particular race in order to improve the...
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Consensus False

False Consensus Effect

False Consensus Effect Definition The false consensus effect occurs when we overestimate the number of other people (or extent to...
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Eurocentrism

Eurocentrism

Eurocentrism is defined as judging the experiences of non-European-descended individuals (i.e., African Americans, Latinos/as) against a European American standard. Eurocentrism...
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False Uniqueness

False Uniqueness Bias

False Uniqueness Bias Definition False uniqueness bias refers to the tendency for people to underestimate the proportion of peers who...
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Feminization Psychology

Feminization of Psychology

An increasing number of women are joining the field of psychology. According to the National Science Foundation, the percentage of...
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Focalism

Focalism

Focalism Definition Focalism (sometimes called the focusing illusion) is the tendency for people to give too much weight to one...
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Filial Piety

Filial Piety

Filial piety is the cultural value and responsibility to treat one’s parents with the highest respect. Filial refers to anything...
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Attribution Fundamental

Fundamental Attribution Error

Fundamental Attribution Error Definition The fundamental attribution error describes perceivers’ tendency to underestimate the impact of situational factors on human...
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Framing Gain-Loss

Gain-Loss Framing

Gain-Loss Framing Definition Gain or loss framing refers to phrasing a statement that describes a choice or outcome in terms...
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Fallacy Gambler’s

Gambler’s Fallacy

If a coin was flipped and it came up heads, would it be more likely to come up tails the...
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Heuristic Processing

Heuristic Processing

Heuristic Processing Definition Heuristic processing refers to le’s attitudes when their motivation to think about something is low (e.g., when...
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Attribution Hostile

Hostile Attribution Bias

Hostile Attribution Bias Definition The hostile attribution bias (HAB) is the tendency to interpret the behavior of others, across situations,...
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Hostile Media

Hostile Media Bias

Hostile Media Bias Definition During George W. Bush’s first presidency, conservative writers Ann Coulter and Bernard Goldberg published books accusing...
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Justice Motive

Justice Motive

Justice Motive Definition The justice motive is the idea that people have a basic motive for justice; that is, people...
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Hypothesis Just-World

Just-World Hypothesis

Just-World Hypothesis Definition The just-world hypothesis is the belief that, in general, the social environment is fair, such that people...
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Education Individualized

Individualized Education Plan

This article on Individualized Education Plan (IEP) in school psychology, offers a comprehensive exploration of the pivotal role of IEPs...
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