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Career change has been alternatively defined as any major change in work role requirements or work context or as a...

Career education refers to both a historical education reform movement and an evolving concept that reflects a process of bringing...

Goal setting is often a significant component of performance improvement programs in the corporate world, because employees who are committed...

Career indecision, the state of being undecided regarding occupational interest or career path, has been defined in a variety of...

Career interruptions are breaks, pauses, or disruptions in one’s current career. A career interruption occurs when an individual’s typical and...

Career progress of various groups is one of the central concerns in organizations, occupations, and work. People choose careers for...

Initially called “vocational maturity,” the construct now known as career maturity (CM) was proposed by Donald Super more than 50...

Career mobility represents individuals’ patterns of transitions between organizations and within organizations in the course of their work lives. It...

American citizens enjoy a relatively large number of educational and career options from which to choose. Thus, planning for career...

Since Thomas Ference, James Stoner, and Kirby Warren’s seminal work first defined the career plateau, researchers have continued to investigate...

June C. Nash stimulated feminist anthropology and the anthropology of work, and she has been a key figure in the...

The discovery in 1982 of a fossilized skull in the central Narmada valley in Madhya Pradesh, India, provides the first...

John R. Napier was a British anatomist and primatologist renowned for his comparative studies of fossil primates and early hominids...

Myths may be classified as traditional stories that deal with nature, ancestors, heroes, and heroines or supernatural beings that serve...

A genetic mutation is a spontaneous random change in the chemistry of DNA. The word mutation is related to the...

Muslims, literally those who submit to God’s will, are the community of more than 1.3 billion practitioners of one of...

Mutants, human or otherwise, historically were defined as those individuals whose appearance or functional capabilities lay beyond the boundaries of...

Currently, the United States has 562 federally recognized Native American communities and more than 270 reservations. Reservations range in size...

Native studies is a relatively new discipline. Although there is no common definition, it is generally distinguished as dialogue between...

Since Dorothy A. E. Garrod’s 1928 excavations at a cave in Wadi en-Natuf (located about 10 miles northwest of Jerusalem),...

Mental illness and the death penalty have been a controversial topic for decades. The U.S. Supreme Court has found that...

The execution of mentally retarded prisoners has been a controversial topic for decades. The U.S. Supreme Court has found, in...

An uncomplicated mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is traumatic brain injury in which there is a brief loss of consciousness,...

The Miller Forensic Assessment of Symptoms Test (M-FAST) is a screening measure for the detection of feigned, or malingered, mental...

The Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III (MCMI-III) is a 175-item self-report inventory designed to assess personality characteristic and psychopathology. It has...

The original Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and its successor have been recognized as the most widely used and researched...

A strength of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) is its multiple indicators regarding an examinee’s approach to the test....

The Minnesota Sex Offender Screening Tool-Revised (MnSOST-R) is a 16-item, “actuarial” risk assessment tool initially developed for the Minnesota Department...

The M’Naghten Standard is a legal test to guide juries and courts in their determination of whether a defendant should...

Mood disorders are among the most common mental disorders in the Western world. Formerly called affective disorders, these disorders involve...

Diabetes mellitus is a serious chronic illness. More than 17 million people in the United States have diabetes and at...

Disclosure is the act of revealing thoughts and emotions, often through language. Disclosure typically occurs in a social setting, with...

Disturbances in eating behavior and attitudes severe enough to warrant a diagnosis affect perhaps some 6 percent of all adolescent...

According to statistics reported in the U. S. Renal Data System for the year 2000,* just under 379,000 Americans suffered...

Epidemiology is the study of disease patterns in the population and the risk factors that influence those patterns. Epidemiologists are...

Racial and ethnic differences in health care outcomes have become a recent target of scientific exploration. The term “race” has...

Physical activity is bodily movement produced by the contraction of skeletal muscle that increases energy expenditure above the basal level....

Framingham Heart Study Contributions to Health Psychology The Framingham Heart Study (FHS) is one of the leading prospective, longitudinal studies...

Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) include a set of 25 illnesses concentrated in one of five anatomic regions in the GI...

Genetics affects virtually everything about living organisms. Psychology’s greatest involvement with genetics concerns genetic differences among people, and books such...

The term “partisan press” commonly describes a pattern of organizing competing journalism outlets along party lines, but may also represent...

The telegraph enabled rapid, continuous, and simultaneous diffusion of public information across space. Its application to news reporting transformed journalistic...

The term “yellow journalism” first emerged in the United States as a pejorative to characterize the news produced by publishers...

Research on verbal accounting examines how language is used to retrospectively explain or make sense of events. Citing one’s motive...

Action-implicative discourse analysis (AIDA) is an approach to analyzing talk or text in a social context. It is a relatively...

War correspondents provide first-hand accounts of military conflict for dissemination to the public. The literature of war correspondents manifests a...

Violence against journalists is universal, found everywhere there is journalism. But the level and type of violence vary according to...

News standards connote normative qualities, such as accuracy and decency, but the term specifically means the way information is gathered,...

In a classic sense science journalism deals with results, institutions, and processes in science, technology, and medicine. Its main occasions...

The concept of rumor covers a wide range of realities: false or unverified news, of course, but also any journalistic...