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In common usage, to orient oneself is to locate oneself in respect to points of reference. In an organizational setting,...

Outplacement refers to company-supported initiatives that help terminated employees cope with their termination and find reemployment. These initiatives are often...

Pay compression is present when individuals with more years of experience receive pay rates nearly equal to (compression) or less...

The purposes of a performance appraisal fall within two broad categories, namely administrative and developmental. The former provides a basis...

Personnel selection is the systematic process of making decisions about which individuals to employ to fill open positions within an...

Positive organizational scholarship (POS) focuses on the generative (that is, life-building, capability-enhancing, capacity-creating) dynamics in organizations that contribute to human...

Researchers from a variety of disciplines within psychology have come to the conclusion that people care a great deal about...

The protean career is a name given to describe a career that is driven by the individual and not by...

The term psychological contract has been around since the 1960s and was first used to capture the relationship between a...

The Pygmalion effect is a special case of self-fulfilling prophecy (SFP) in which raising a manager’s expectations regarding worker performance...

Some academicians may believe that only one who has had extensive formal training in a profession can make a substantial...

Kulturkreise (culture circle or culture center) is an early 20th-century German diffusion theory based on the belief that a cultural...

Strictly speaking, the !Kung are members of a Khoisan language family occupying the Kalahari regions of part of Namibia, Botswana,...

Kwakiutl is the name given to the people of one of the tribes of British Columbia who know themselves as...

Raoul Weston La Barre, an anthropologist of wide-ranging interests and great accomplishments, was born in Uniontown, Pennsylvania on December 13,...

Labor involves purposive effort, mental or physical, toward a goal. In studying labor, we should be particularly careful not to...

Anthropologists refer to the division of labor as the different tasks that people do to provide for their physical needs...

Joseph-François Lafitau was an important French Jesuit missionary scholar who closely observed the Mohawks and other Indians at the Jesuit...

Language, like culture, is something that is easier to discuss than to define, and no unitary definition is offered here....

Both the biologist and the linguist are interested in how language evolved in the natural history of the human species....

Ethics is a term used to describe the guiding philosophies and/or moral values of a group or an individual. Although...

Psychopathic personality disorder comprises a distinct collection of deviant affective, interpersonal, and behavioral features. Results of psychopathy testing can sway...

Evaluation of Competency to Stand Trial-Revised (ECST-R) is a semistructured interview that is designed to assess criminal defendants’ capacities as...

Expert testimony in psychology comes in many types and concerns a vast array of subjects. Psychological expertise ranges widely both...

Expert psychological testimony, like any testimony, must meet certain criteria or standards for admissibility before it is allowed into court....

Expert evidence comes to court in a variety of forms and, in particular, at a couple of levels of generality....

Psychologists occasionally testify about the factors that influence eyewitness identification accuracy in criminal cases in which eyewitness identification is a...

Under the Federal Rules of Evidence and virtually all state codes, expertise is defined by the nature and scope of...

When assessing the potential of an eyewitness, among the first things an investigator has to decide is whether or not...

A number of states in the United States provide by statute that defendants charged with murder or attempted murder may...

Over  the  past  25  years,  there  has  been  considerable interest in the application of the transactional and   transformational   leadership   paradigm  ...

Despite  the  proliferation  of  self-efficacy  research that has occurred over the past 40 years, only relatively  recently  (i.e.,  over  the ...

Understanding and enhancing motivation is one of the most popular  areas  of  research  in  psychology,  as  well  as  sport and...

Achievement  goals  refer  to  the  aim,  purpose,  or focus  of  a  person’s  achievement  behavior.  These goals  are  dynamic  cognitive  entities ...

Attributions are explanations about why particular performances  or  behaviors  have  occurred.  When faced  with  important,  negative,  novel,  or  unexpected  events, ...

Priming effects occur when the processing of a target  stimulus  is  influenced  by  a  preceding  stimulus  on  the  basis  of ...

Implicit  attitudes,  also  referred  to  as  automatic evaluations, are immediate and spontaneous evaluations  of  objects,  groups,  or  behaviors  as  being...

The  Coventry,  Aberdeen,  and  London—Refined (CALO-RE)  taxonomy  of  behavior  change  techniques builds on initial work on classifying psychological  techniques  used ...

Sport  commitment  is  a  central  motivational  construct because it goes right to the heart of athletes’ persistent  pursuit  of  their ...

Competence is a recurring theme in human movement whether the setting is sport, exercise, or rehabilitation.  From  the  earliest  days ...

During the latter half of the twentieth century, most discussions about international television tended to focus on national media systems...

South Korea has emerged as a center of pop culture throughout Asia: its scope of cultural influence encompasses Eurasia (e.g.,...

Med TV, the first Kurdish satellite TV channel, began its standard broadcasts in May 1995 from its head office in...

Le Monde Diplomatique (LMD) is a French monthly newspaper created in 1954 by Hubert Beuve-Méry, then editor of the Parisian...

The term migrant community media, also known as ethnic or diasporic media, refers to the print, broadcast, and Internet-based operations...

The music industry is a term most commonly deployed in reference to the activities of the four largest transnational record...

Media flows between countries have always been controversial. Fears of cultural consequences if imbalances occur and concerns about the symbolic...

The international radio station with the largest global audience and the one with the best-known name, the BBC World Service,...

Bertelsmann Corporation, with headquarters in the small northern German city of Gütersloh, is one of the largest multinational media, information,...

CCTV-9 is the global 24-hour English-language channel run by China Central Television (CCTV), the state-owned broadcaster of the People’s Republic...