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In recent times, a number of fundamental changes have taken place in production technologies, the nature of physical and human...

Job satisfaction (JS) is one of the most widely discussed and studied dimensions of employees’ work lives, with research dating...

Job security is the stability and continuance of one’s current employment as one knows it to be. An appraisal of...

Job sharing is a flexible working arrangement in which two or more individuals voluntarily share the responsibilities, pay, and benefits...

The term knowledge work refers to a profession that utilizes intellectual capital to create, teach, and problem solve. Knowledge work...

Knowledge, skills, and abilities are often referred to as “KSAs.” They are part of many methods used to analyze jobs...

As individuals age, the possibilities for age and career stage to be asynchronous are numerous. Many workers over age 50...

Careers unfold over time. Leadership also develops over time and often over an entire career. For these reasons, when discussing...

The learning organization is a concept describing organizations in which learning and work are integrated in an ongoing and systematic...

Lifelong learning is the facilitation of learning, growth, and development across the life span. It has also been referred to...

Jarmo (Qal’at Jarmo), located in modern northern Iraq, is one of the oldest Neolithic agricultural settlements in the Middle East....

In 1887 a Dutch anatomist, Eugene Dubois, joined the Dutch army as a means to bring him to south Asia...

Jewelry consists of any ornament that is placed on the body for any symbolic reason. Ornaments can be made of...

The title Jews has multiple variations in meaning. Jew is a term that can refer both to adherents of the...

The Iroquois, or Houdounausee (People of the Longhouse), are an important nation of Native Americans who made significant contributions in...

When anthropology emerged as a science in the mid-to late 1800s, it was almost immediately corrupted by the biases of...

American paleoanthropologist Donald Johanson is most notable for his discovery and interpretation of the fossil hominid Australopithecus afarensis. Originally born...

Sir William Jones was a British polymath whose scholarly research and vision were critical to both modern linguistics and Indology....

Justice refers to the constant and perpetual disposition of legal matters or disputes to render every person his or her...

Immanuel Kant was born on the 22nd of April, 1724, in Koenigsberg, Prussia (now Kaliningrad) and he died in the...

There is no agreed precise definition of the term cybercrime, but in a general sense, it has been used to...

Damage awards function as a remedy for wrongdoing in civil lawsuits; they constitute money awarded to an injured party as...

The Danger Assessment Instrument (DA), in its current form, is a 20-item actuarial test designed to assess the risk of...

Death qualification is a unique form of jury selection that is used only in capital cases. Potential jurors are screened...

Delusions are firmly held false beliefs. They are associated with numerous disorders, including schizophrenia and delusional disorder, but can also...

Cognitive load interview protocols are designed to make interviews more demanding for suspects. This increased demand has a greater effect...

P300 is a brain wave derived from the electroencephalogram (EEG), which has recently been used as a novel information channel...

Traditional means of lie detection, such as the polygraph, rely on measurements of peripheral nervous system (PNS) activity. Recent advances...

Trying to find a tell-tale sign of deceit (a “Pinocchio’s nose”) in human nonverbal behavior has been the subject of...

People sometimes try to determine whether they have actually experienced an event they have in mind, or whether this memory...

Prejudiced and discriminatory communication is studied in a wide range of social science disciplines, including communication, sociology, anthropology, and social...

Exercising power over others is a common human experience. Children override the better judgment of their parents, displaying temper tantrums...

Humans communicate verbally through words and nonverbally via facial expressions and body movements. Nonverbal communication refers to any human behavior,...

With immigration and its attendant population diversity on the rise all around the world, how do we understand why people...

Research examining the influence of media exposure on audience members has long revealed that both the frequency and the nature...

Goffman (1963) popularized the concept of stigma through his well-cited book, Stigma: Notes on the management of spoiled identity. He...

Although there is no consensus as to what precisely an attitude is, language attitudes may be defined as embodied dispositions...

Organizations are intergroup in nature in that they are collections of people working together to achieve a common set of...

Intergroup contact occurs when a member or members of one social group come into contact with member(s) of another social...

Relationships and communication between social groups of all kinds is an increasingly pressing topic in a globalized world in which...

Organizations have always been faced with the dilemma of using external or internal labor markets. Hiring and promotion practices vary...

Most employees used to have chiefly domestic careers in which, in the main, they did not carry out international, across-country...

Since the early 1990s, there has been a dramatic change in the process of employee recruitment due to the emergence...

An internship is a short-term work experience that provides the opportunity to explore an area of career interest, an occupation,...

Job challenge can be described as the extent to which a job is stimulating and interesting. Challenging jobs provide an...

Job design, or work design, refers to a process of dividing an organization’s total work into various jobs and assigning...

Job fairs serve as one of the primary connections between employers and prospective job candidates. They provide an opportunity for...

The job interview is one of the most popular selection techniques, and it is typically defined as an exchange of...

Throughout the research literature of the past four decades, a number of different terms have been used to describe an...

Outsourcing, offshoring, downsizing, rightsizing, and reorganizing: Every day, local and national headlines proclaim events that mean just one thing to...