s

The central idea of social comparison theory is that individuals often assess how well they are doing by comparing themselves...

Social identity theory (Tajfel & Turner 1979) was originally developed to explain prejudice and discrimination, and the circumstances under which...

Some behaviors take a long time to change, and rarely do individuals progress immediately from awareness of a new product...

Hospitality Careers Background The hospitality industry provides accommodations, meals, and personal services for both the traveling public and permanent residents....

Human Resources Careers Background In the 18th century, the U.S. economy was primarily agricultural, dependent on crops such as wheat...

Information Services Careers Background Information occupies an invaluable place in our lives. Information is the tool by which we learn,...

Insurance Careers Background The insurance industry provides protection for its customers against financial loss from various hazards. This protection is...

Law Careers Background You probably know someone who drives as if there were no speed limits or stop signs. They...

Post Office Careers Background The postal service touches the lives of virtually everyone in the nation. Letter and package carriers...

Literary Arts Careers Background From the earliest times, people have wanted to communicate with other people, and one of the...

The machining and machinery industry manufactures metal parts that are used to make machines, tools, and other machine parts. In...

Manufacturing Careers Background From ancient Greek clay pots to Roman bronze weapons and building materials, humans have demonstrated the need...

Mathematics and physics are closely related natural sciences. Mathematics is the science and study of numbers and how they relate...

Ethnographic fieldwork is an in-depth localized research process aimed at the description and analysis of cultural systems. Both scientific and...

The nation of Fiji contains a large group of islands known as an archipelago. Officially titled the Sovereign Democratic Republic...

From his position as a professor of anthropology at London School of Economics (LSE), Sir Raymond William Firth was in...

To fully understand the concept of folk culture, we must first separate the two words and define them individually, then...

Folkways are informal patterns of social interaction that reveal commonly shared attitudes and beliefs by members of intimate social groups....

The discovery in 1927 near Folsom, New Mexico, of distinctive stone projectile points in unambiguous association with bones of extinct...

Food is any substance that can be metabolized by an organism to give energy and build tissue. Foods are made...

Meyer Fortes was born in South Africa in 1906. He attended school in South Africa, studying at the University of...

Dian Fossey was to gorillas what Jane Goodall is to chimpanzees. Her long-term studies of Mountain Gorillas (Gorilla beringei beringei)...

What is a fossil? The word is Latin, and it means, “dug up.” One of the earliest known research publications...

Dropping out of school in a postindustrial society comes with many risks. In the United States, as with most industrialized...

Changes in developed economies and societies stemming from the Industrial Revolution have shifted responsibilities for the education of young people...

The relation between education and economy is interdependent and reciprocal. Education is a form of human capital, an intangible form...

Educational attainment refers to the highest level of formal education completed by the members of a population. Because national systems...

Both educational and occupational attainment are important (and related) aspects of prestige differences in the United States as well as...

Expectations and aspirations, within sociological research on education and social inequality, are stable prefigurative orientations composed of specific beliefs about...

Extracurricular activities such as band, debate, or soccer are optional activities offered by the school that complement the academic curriculum...

The hidden curriculum refers to the unofficial rules, routines, and structures of schools through which students learn behaviors, values, beliefs,...

Graduate study, including the master’s degree but more specifically the pursuit of a PhD, is an extremely focused educational experience...

Home schooling, the practice of educating one’s own children, has seen dramatic growth in the last three decades, and has...

The word ‘‘stalking’’ denotes and has long been associated with hunting animals; only in recent years has the word’s definition...

Postpartum mood disorders are more common than is often realized: Up to 80 percent of new mothers experience mild depression...

Individuals who take the law into their own hands in search of justice are commonly referred to as vigilantes. The...

All too often the media does not cover incidents in which domestic violence spills over into the workplace; hence the...

Protective and restraining orders may be used in a variety of family violence situations. These protective and restraining orders are...

The Defense Task Force on Domestic Violence, in its 2001 report, made it clear that services to prevent the ongoing...

The Case of Rodi Alvarado In Guatemala in 1984, at age sixteen, Rodi Alvarado married Francisco Osorio, twenty-one, a former...

Introduction and Definitions Mediation is a negotiation conducted by a neutral third party to resolve differences and reach agreements between...

Understanding the nature and scope of the problem of family violence has been a daunting task for researchers, government officials,...

This research paper focuses on the health professional’s role in identifying and responding to domestic violence. The physician, nurse, dentist,...

Sport  and  exercise  psychology  has  traditionally been  understood  to  consist  of  a  set  of  skills  and theoretical  underpinnings  distanced  from ...

Over  the  course  of  the  past  10  years,  there  has been considerable discussion devoted to multicultural  competence  within  the  counseling ...

The concept of diversity encompasses a broad range of qualities and characteristics that distinguish people from one another. Diversity is...

Feminism is a movement to end oppression, especially  as  it  relates  to  sexism.  Feminism  can  be taken up in many...

Gender has a clear and powerful influence in society,  and  a  particularly  powerful  and  persistent influence  in  sport  and  exercise. ...

Heterosexism,  homonegativism,  and  transprejudice  are  prejudices  aimed  at  lesbian,  gay,  bisexual,  or  transgender  (LGBT)  people.  These  beliefs and  actions  are ...

The  term  race  is  not  easily  defined;  it  has  complicated and contested meanings contingent upon historical  and  social  contexts.  In ...