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If commercial success and global presence are valid indicators of acceptance, then it can be said that children around the...

Communication patterns in families refer to repeated interaction styles and behaviors. A single family member’s communication behaviors over time can...

Medical secretaries perform administrative and clerical work in medical offices, hospitals, or private physicians’ offices. They answer phone calls, order...

In any hospital, clinic, or other health care facility, per­manent records are created and maintained for all the patients treated...

Medical librarians, also called medical information spe­cialists, help doctors, patients, and other medical per­sonnel find health information and select materials...

Medical illustrators and photographers use graphics, draw­ings, and photographs to make medical concepts easier to understand. Medical illustrators provide illustrations...

Medical ethicists are consultants, teachers, researchers, and policy makers in the field of medical ethics, the branch of philosophy that...

Medical billers help doctors and other health care pro­fessionals get payment for services. They send bills to patients, private insurance...

Medical assistants help physicians in offices, hospitals, and clinics. They keep medical records, help examine and treat patients, and perform...

Media relations specialists are experienced public relations specialists who have a broad working knowledge of televi­sion, radio, and print journalism...

For as long as people have been exchanging goods and services for payment of some sort, business transactions have been...

You probably spend much of every day complaining about things you do not like about school such as unfair grading...

Human beings are the bearers of culture; therefore, it is important to study how humankind has evolved over time as...

Social scientists credit Oscar Lewis (1914-1970), an American anthropologist, with introducing the concept of a culture of poverty. He first...

Culture shock refers to feelings of uncertainty and discomfort experienced by an ethnographer during fieldwork in a different culture. Confronted...

The first complete definition of culture in anthropology was provided by Edward Tylor, who defined the concept as “that complex...

The main place amongst Russian antagonists to Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution, and especially his conception of descent of man,...

Daoism is a Chinese way of thinking that is best under-stood as being composed of two traditions, philosophical Daoism and...

Late in the year 2000, an intellectual tsunami hit anthropology in America and beyond. It was generated by the controversy...

During the peak of his career, Clarence Darrow was the most well-known criminal lawyer in the United States. It is...

Australian anatomist and anthropologist Raymond Dart was known for his discovery and analysis of the fossil hominid Australopithecus africanus. Born...

We can analyze Charles Darwin’s influence in Germany by examining four connections. These include, first, Darwin’s relationship to social Darwinism...

Postmodern culture is a far reaching term describing a range of activities, events, and perspectives relating to art, architecture, the...

The production of culture perspective focuses on the ways in which the content of symbolic elements of culture are significantly...

While the word ‘‘culture’’ was first used in 1877 by Edward Tylor to describe the totality of humans’ behavioral, material,...

Diverse theoretical traditions have been influential in the development of the contemporary sociology of the body, such as philosophical anthropology,...

A subculture in general terms is a group with certain cultural features that enable it to be distinguished from other...

What is culture in sociology? To produce a definition of culture, one can examine the concept in the abstract, that...

The sociology of law is one of the oldest specialty fields in the discipline, reflecting the influence of nineteenth century...

Authority is often defined as legitimate power, and contrasted to pure power. In the case of legitimate authority, compliance is...

Civil law entails two distinct categories of meaning. It is used to reference Romano Germanic law, one of four broad...

Courts cover broad perspectives (Gifis 1998). First, the court is a part of the judicial branch of the government consisting...

Competency for execution refers to a person’s ability to understand the reason, imminence, and finality of his or her execution....

The issue of competency to stand trial refers to a defendant’s current mental functioning at the time of his or...

Criminal culpability refers to the degree to which individuals are held legally responsible for their conduct and distinguishes between those...

This article discusses the concept and attribution of criminal responsibility, the differences between criminal responsibility and moral responsibility, theoretical skepticism...

The forensic interview is a key element of any forensic evaluation. This detailed interview is used to gather information and...

This article reviews instruments that mental health clinicians commonly use to assess psychological symptoms, personality traits, behavioral problems, and psycholegal...

Malingering is defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition as the intentional fabrication or gross...

Mens rea generally means a guilty mind but in modern criminal contexts refers to criminal intent. Modern mens rea stems...

The Structured Risk Assessment-Forensic Version (SRA-FV) is one of a number of tools that professionals may use to assist them...

On any given day, 5–15% of men and 20–30% of women jail detainees have a diagnosable serious mental illness, resulting...

On May 20, 1988, Laurie Dann (born Laurie Wasserman) shot and killed one boy and wounded five other children at...

In the 1990s, when the Internet first gained a public face, it belonged to adults. In most cases, a home...

On July 29, 2008, a student at Georgia Highlands College was charged with hacking into his school’s computer system to...

Crime Stoppers is an international organization that uses various media to inform and request that individual citizens report information on...

Private secondary schools are schools that receive no government funding and educate some combination of students between grades 6 and...

Asa Coon was just 14 when he snuck into his school, SuccessTech Academy in Cleveland, Ohio, with three knives, two...

Control theories are unique in the field of criminology in that they intend to answer a different question than do...

Conflict theories have their roots in radical political movements such as Marxism and anarchism. Since the 1960s, they have also...