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Cross-training is just a fancy term for mixing up and balancing your fitness activities. Think of it as fitness grazing....

Short and easy  workouts are just what  you think: short and easy.  They are the least demanding in both intensity...

The relationship between rhetoric and religion is fourfold: (1) rhetoric is a tool used by religious groups; (2) political rhetoric...

Roman rhetoric aims to present practical and theoretical guidelines for effective verbal persuasion. In ancient Rome such precepts found an...

The rhetoric of science is the application of the resources of the rhetorical tradition to the texts, tables, and visuals...

 “The Second Sophistic” is the name given by Flavius Philostratus (c. 170–245 ce) in his Lives of the sophists (481,...

Semiotics is the study of signs and signification, including both linguistic and nonlinguistic signs. The American philosopher Charles Sanders Peirce...

Research in rhetoric and social protest strives to discover how organized, uninstitutional forces use symbols and symbolic actions to promote...

Aristotle defines rhetoric as the art of determining the available means of persuasion in a particular case. This can be...

South Asia usually refers to the geo-cultural area traditionally known as the Indian subcontinent and consists of contemporary Afghanistan, Bangladesh,...

Rhetoric as the study of forms of self-expression has many meanings depending on the context in which it is used....

The rhetorical tradition began with, and has remained linked to, the public discourse of official forums. Aristotle named these deliberative,...

Development and communication in Asia is a vast and complicated topic for two main reasons. First, Asia comprises a substantial...

The use of strategic communication has an ancient history dating back at least to Aristotle’s Rhetoric. But technological and theoretical...

A universally valid and widely accepted definition of the field does not exist, but three conceptualizations have prevailed in the...

This article offers an overview of development communication in the region that the west calls the Middle East, but which...

Effective development communication programs require a clearly defined strategy with specific goals established in advance. Communication goals may range from...

Development discourse refers to the process of articulating knowledge and power through which particular concepts, theories, and practices for social...

Development communication addresses issues of gender in a variety of ways. Communication projects designed to address social problems, such as...

Geometry of development refer to the spaces, shapes, and arrangements underlying the idea and practice of development. Similar to a...

At present, there are over 50,000 international organizations with a total budget easily over US$250 billion devoted to improving social,...

During the 1970s and 1980s, the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization was the site of vociferous debate about...

Newspaper editors assign, review, edit, rewrite, and lay out all copy in a newspaper except advertisements. Editors sometimes write stories...

News anchors analyze and broadcast news for radio and television stations. They help select, write, and present the news and...

Neonatal nurses provide direct patient care to newborns in hospitals for the first month after birth. The babies they care...

Naturopaths—also called naturopathic physicians, natu­ropathic doctors, and N.D.’s—are licensed health profes­sionals who practice an approach to health care called naturopathic...

The primary role of naturalists is to educate the public about the environment and maintain the natural envi­ronment on land...

National Park Service (NPS) employees have a wide vari­ety of backgrounds and capabilities and fill a number of different positions....

Nail technicians clean, shape, and polish fingernails and toenails. They groom cuticles and apply cream to hands and arms (feet...

Nannies, also known as au pairs, are caregivers who care for children in the parents’ homes. The children usu­ally range...

Myotherapy is a method of relieving muscle pain and spasms and improving overall circulation through applied pressure to trigger points....

Musical instrument repairers and tuners work on a variety of instruments, often operating inside music shops or repair shops to...

Conflict involves antagonistic relations of ideas, interests, and persons. It occurs at different levels, including internal, interpersonal, small groups, large-scale...

Confucianism is a Chinese system of thought that originated with the teachings of Kong Fuzi. Literally “Master Kong” and latinized...

Consciousness in a very general sense is thought to be merely the state of awareness. However, the definition of what...

The Copper Age, or Chalcolithic time period, generally refers to circa 5000 BCE to 2000 BCE. This typology was initiated...

Dating back to the early history of science, it was long thought that Earth was a static, stable planet whose...

American physical and cultural anthropologist Carlton Coon dealt with the origin of races within the species Homo sapiens sapiens. Born...

Christianity was introduced into Egypt in the 1st century and found itself in competition with two other religions: Judaism and...

The profession of counseling is dynamic, adaptive, and centered on meeting the needs of individuals in their particular environment. The...

Cosmology is literally the “science of nature,” from the physics of Aristotle and Newton to the mythical cosmograms of Tibet....

Jacques-Yves Cousteau (1910-1997) was the father of modern underwater exploration as well as a pioneer of underwater photography. A marvelous...

Virtual sports are symbolic representations of embodied, expressive, and ‘‘real world’’ athletic experiences. These sports can involve complete ‘‘out of...

Youth is defined for the purposes of this discussion as youngsters between 6 and 18 years. Sport means all sport...

This article examines the origins of the sociology of sport and explores its interdisciplinarity particularly in terms of its dual...

Urban sociology concerns itself with the social and cultural forms assumed by the urban phenomenon in the past and in...

The sociology of culture and, the related, cultural sociology concerns the systematic analysis of culture, usually understood as the ensemble...

Foster (1962) defines acculturation as the process of bringing previously separated and disconnected cultures into contact with one another. This...

Celebrity culture is characterized by a pervasive preoccupation with famous persons and an extravagant value attached to the lives of...

The French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu, working with various colleagues, developed the concept of cultural capital in the early 1960s in...