One of the most common beauty concerns for women is the development of cellulite. Cellulite refers to the dimpled appearance of the skin on the hips, thighs, and buttocks. Until the 1980s, excess weight was the focus of ads for weight loss and diet products. Increasingly afterward, it has become common to see ads referring
Chanel was a French fashion pioneer of the 20th century. She was a leader of haute couture (high fashion) who focused on simplicity and elegance in women’s apparel. Inspired by men’s clothing, Chanel reworked the construction to have sports clothes for women enter the fashion lexicon. Some of her unique contributions to contemporary fashion are
Calvin Klein became one of the most successful fashion designers by using edgy and sexually provocative marketing to sell his products to ordinary people. The first to recognize the opportunity to sell men’s underwear as a fashion item, he consistently relied on simple designs and luxurious fabrics in all of his clothing lines. Klein also
Until very recently, Asian American women have been virtually ignored by the U.S. beauty industry. Although a few Asian American beauty icons were recognized in the cinema of the 1920s and ’30s, even those who managed to find some success in the United States tended to be pigeon-holed into certain stereotypes. Anna May Wong, the
Aveda is a beauty company that manufactures flower and plant-based beauty products. Aveda, which is translated from the Sanskrit as “all knowledge” or “knowledge of nature,” is based on the fundamental connection of health and beauty and the healing properties of nature. Through its commitment to environmental responsibility in its products and business practices, Aveda
Known to many as the ding-dong company for its door-to-door sales approach, Avon began as the California Perfume Company in 1886. Its founder, David Hall McConnell, originally a bookseller, started giving out perfume samples to his book costumers and found that they thought the samples were more attractive than the literature. Avon’s products center on
Baldness refers to excessive hair loss from the scalp. Although it is normal to lose 50 to 100 hairs per day, hair loss becomes noticeable after approximately 50,000 hairs are lost. One of the major cases of baldness is alopecia, a genetic condition affecting more than five million people in the United States that may
Barbers have had an influence on the evolution of the American beauty industry that is disproportionate to their numbers. As members of the oldest trade in the beauty industry, they have, until the 1970s, maintained a system of occupational segmentation that let them serve the most lucrative customers. They controlled the hair care market through
Bath and Body Works is a part of the Limited Brands company, which also owns Victoria’s Secret, C. O. Bigelow, Henri Bendel, La Senza, and The White Barn Candle Company. Limited Brands distributes in Canada and in 40 other countries worldwide. Bath and Body comprises slightly over 1,500 of the company’s 2,900 specialty stores nationwide.
Beauty pageants or beauty contests are competitions that more often than not judge the beauty of women. Although beauty pageants rank women according to physical appearance, organized pageants also give awards for congeniality or personality in order to emphasize inner beauty. Although beauty contests have existed in multiple historical and cultural contexts, modern, commercialized beauty