The science of psychology exists in a state of tension with the legal system in many ways (Ogloff & Finkelman, 1999). Fundamentally, the goals and processes of investigation in science differ substantially from those of investigation in the law. First, science is inductive. Researchers examine data from many field studies, correlational studies, and experiments and
Heterogeneity in hospital costs has often been used to convince citizens and policy makers of the extent of inefficiency in hospital care provision. Classification of hospital stays into diagnosis related groups (DRGs) has made it possible to place patients into groups that are supposed to be medically homogenous and to compare the cost of stays
The existence of duplicate private health insurance (DPHI), which is observed in many countries with a National Health Service (NHS), is paradoxical at first sight. NHSs are usually characterized by universal coverage of every resident, large and comprehensive benefit packages, very low copayments or free care at the point of delivery, progressive tax financing, and
This article explores the relationship between optimism and immune function within the framework of health psychology. The introduction defines optimism and provides an overview of the immune system, setting the stage for an examination of their interconnected dynamics. The first section delves into the theoretical foundations, emphasizing the role of psychoneuroimmunology and elucidating the biological
This article explores the intricate relationship between hostility and cardiovascular health within the realm of health psychology. The introduction provides a contextual foundation by defining hostility and delineating its significance, followed by an overview of cardiovascular health. The subsequent section delves into the complexity of this relationship, detailing various types of hostility and the methodologies