Stress is an unpleasant state of emotional arousal that people experience in situations that they perceive as dangerous or threatening. It is accompanied by physiological, behavioral, and cognitive changes. Although stress signals danger and thus has a protective function, the experience of chronic stress is a causative factor in physical illness as well as poor
Hans Selye first introduced the concept of stress in 1926. In his early work, Selye defined stress as a bodily response to overuse or damage. Modern definitions view stress as a response to internal or external factors that are perceived as threatening. Refinements in this field have led to the use of two terms: stressor
Stress Appraisal Theory Definition Stress appraisal refers to the process by which individuals evaluate and cope with a stressful event. Stress appraisal theory is concerned with individuals’ evaluation of the event, rather than with the event per se. People differ in how they construe what is happening to them and their options for coping. Stress
Occupational stress is a broad concept that has been defined in a variety of ways in the popular and professional literature. It is generally agreed that occupational stress consists of the harmful physical and psychological consequences to individuals that result when an imbalance exists between demands of the work environment and individual needs, abilities, and
Work now more than ever consumes large portions of people’s lives. The importance of work in people’s lives, alongside the demands on one’s time and energy, can be a tremendous source of stress. Increases in work stress may result from people having longer work hours, threats of job loss due to organization downsizing, or a
The history of transpersonal psychology spans several decades, emerging from the confluence of humanistic psychology and spiritual traditions to address transcendent experiences and states of consciousness. This article traces the origins of the field, beginning with its philosophical and psychological precursors, including the influence of Eastern spiritual traditions and early thinkers like William James and
Stress management refers to the environmental, physiological, cognitive, and behavioral techniques employed by an individual to manage the factors and components that underlie the stress process or experience of stress. A primary goal of stress management in sport is to allow the athlete to effectively regulate competition related demands to facilitate optimal performance as well
Although ubiquitous in life, stress is rather difficult to define. Stress reactivity is a dynamic process involving context-dependent, interactive factors subject to personal interpretation that dictate subsequent individual response patterns. Stress is an extremely influential element of any engagement in sport or exercise participation. The present entry provides an overview of stress. It discusses each
This article explores the intricate relationship between stress and chronic disease within the realm of health psychology. The introduction establishes the prevalence and impact of chronic diseases on mental health, emphasizing the significance of stress management as a pivotal aspect of holistic healthcare. The first section scrutinizes existing literature, elucidating stress’s role as a contributing
This article explores the crucial domain of Workplace Stress Management Programs within the context of health psychology. Beginning with an exploration of the pervasive nature of workplace stress and its profound impact on both individual well-being and organizational outcomes, the introduction establishes the necessity of stress management initiatives. Drawing on established stress theories, such as